Elbow

Huaxi Special Steel Manufacturing Co., Ltd
Elbow

Elbow

Elbow fittings are key components in pipeline systems used to change the direction of pipelines and are widely used in petroleum, chemical, electric power, construction, water supply and drainage and other fields.

Size Range

Seamless elbow: 1/2"-24" DN15-DN600
Welding: 6"-72" DN150-DN1800
Wall thickness: Sch5-Sch160 XXS

Types

Classification by angle
45° elbow: used for small directional adjustments.
90° elbow: the most common type, used for right-angle turns.
180° elbow (return elbow): used for completely reverse pipeline layout.

Classification by manufacturing process
Seamless elbow: made by hot push or cold bending process, without welds, strong pressure bearing capacity.
Welded elbow: welded by steel plate or steel pipe, low cost, suitable for low-pressure scenarios.
Stamped elbow: formed by die stamping, high efficiency, commonly used in mass production.

Classification by connection method
Butt welding elbow (BW): connected by welding, suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature pipelines.
Socket welding elbow (SW): welded after inserting into the pipeline, used for small-diameter high-pressure pipelines.
Threaded elbow: connected by thread, easy to disassemble, common in low-pressure small pipelines.
Flanged elbow: with flange, connected by bolts, easy to maintain.

Classification by material
Carbon steel elbows (such as A234 WPB): pressure-resistant, economical, widely used in industrial pipelines.
Stainless steel elbows (such as 304/316): corrosion-resistant, suitable for food and chemical industries.
Alloy steel elbows (such as P91): resistant to high temperature and high pressure, used in power stations and petrochemicals.
Plastic elbows (PVC/PPR): used for water supply and drainage, corrosive medium transportation.

Special types
Reducing elbows: The two ends have different diameters and are used for reducing pipes.
Elbows with side outlets: used for diversion or instrument installation.
Long radius (LR) and short radius (SR) elbows:
Long radius (radius of curvature = 1.5 times the pipe diameter): small flow resistance, suitable for high-pressure systems.
Short radius (radius of curvature = 1 times the pipe diameter): saves space, but has large pressure loss.



Standard

International standards:
ANSI/ASME B16.9 (American standard), EN 10253 (European standard), JIS B2311 (Japanese standard)

Domestic standards:
GB/T 12459 (steel butt-weld seamless pipe fittings), GB/T 13401 (steel plate butt-weld pipe fittings)